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		<id>https://researchcareers.info/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Collaboration</id>
		<title>Collaboration - Revision history</title>
		<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Collaboration"/>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;action=history"/>
		<updated>2026-05-04T16:56:06Z</updated>
		<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
		<generator>MediaWiki 1.30.0</generator>

	<entry>
		<id>https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=1135&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Astrid at 16:00, 5 March 2018</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=1135&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2018-03-05T16:00:44Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:00, 5 March 2018&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l15&quot; &gt;Line 15:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 15:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Measurement Concepts]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Measurement Concepts]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:beaver_2001]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:beaver_2001]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:melin_2000]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:merton_1973]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:bozeman_gaughan_2011]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:bozeman_gaughan_2011]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:crane_1972]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:crane_1972]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:katz_martin_1997]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:katz_martin_1997]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Astrid</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=1021&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Astrid at 12:49, 5 March 2018</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=1021&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2018-03-05T12:49:06Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 12:49, 5 March 2018&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l17&quot; &gt;Line 17:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 17:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:bozeman_gaughan_2011]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:bozeman_gaughan_2011]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:crane_1972]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:crane_1972]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:katz_martin_1997]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Astrid</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=796&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Astrid at 12:50, 1 March 2018</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=796&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2018-03-01T12:50:54Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 12:50, 1 March 2018&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l16&quot; &gt;Line 16:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 16:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:beaver_2001]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:beaver_2001]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:bozeman_gaughan_2011]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:bozeman_gaughan_2011]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:crane_1972]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Astrid</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=751&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Astrid at 12:00, 1 March 2018</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=751&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2018-03-01T12:00:16Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 12:00, 1 March 2018&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l15&quot; &gt;Line 15:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 15:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Measurement Concepts]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Measurement Concepts]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:beaver_2001]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:beaver_2001]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:bozeman_gaughan_2011]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Astrid</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=692&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Astrid at 11:08, 1 March 2018</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=692&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2018-03-01T11:08:05Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 11:08, 1 March 2018&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l12&quot; &gt;Line 12:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 12:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Lists ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Lists ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Social and Cultural Dynamics&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Social and Cultural Dynamics&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Measurement Concepts]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Measurement Concepts]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:beaver_2001]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Astrid</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=531&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Astrid at 12:55, 28 February 2018</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=531&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2018-02-28T12:55:55Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 12:55, 28 February 2018&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Main ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Main ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collaboration implies the joint work with other scientists at least on the Colleague level on the production of scientific knowledge usually in the form of co-authored publications. Collaboration networks may be expanded through [[Geographical Mobility|mobility]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collaboration implies the joint work with other scientists at least on the &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[Colleague|&lt;/ins&gt;Colleague level&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/ins&gt;on the production of scientific knowledge usually in the form of co-authored publications. Collaboration networks may be expanded through [[Geographical Mobility|mobility]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The role of collaboration in constructing research careers is described in a range of empirical literature. Collaboration has variously been shown to provide access to skills, tacit knowledge, funding or research infrastructure (Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Katz, J. S. &amp;amp; Martin, B. R. (1997). What is research collaboration? ''Research Policy 26(1)'', 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(96)00917-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Melin, G. (2000). Pragmatism and self-organization: Research collaboration on the individual level. ''Research Policy 29(1)'', 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00031-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Beaver, D. D. (2001). Reflections on Scientific Collaboration (and its study): Past, Present, and future. ''Scientometrics 52(3)'', 365-377. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014254214337&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;) and to be motivated by the desire to mentor junior researchers (Bozeman &amp;amp; Gaughan, 2011&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bozeman_gaughan_2011&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Bozeman, B. &amp;amp; Gaughan, M. (2011). Job Satisfaction among University Faculty: Individual, Work, and Institutional Determinants. ''The Journal of Higher Education 82(2)'', 154–186. Retrieved from http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_higher_education/v082/82.2.bozeman.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;) and to acquire prestige by association (Crane, 1972&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;crane_1972&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Crane, D. (1972). Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;). However, a theoretical understanding of careers and collaboration remain relatively implicit in most such studies, with notable exceptions (Merton, 1973&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;merton_1973&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Merton, R. K. (1973). The sociology of Science. Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The role of collaboration in constructing research careers is described in a range of empirical literature. Collaboration has variously been shown to provide access to skills, tacit knowledge, funding or research infrastructure (Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Katz, J. S. &amp;amp; Martin, B. R. (1997). What is research collaboration? ''Research Policy 26(1)'', 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(96)00917-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Melin, G. (2000). Pragmatism and self-organization: Research collaboration on the individual level. ''Research Policy 29(1)'', 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00031-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Beaver, D. D. (2001). Reflections on Scientific Collaboration (and its study): Past, Present, and future. ''Scientometrics 52(3)'', 365-377. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014254214337&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;) and to be motivated by the desire to mentor junior researchers (Bozeman &amp;amp; Gaughan, 2011&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bozeman_gaughan_2011&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Bozeman, B. &amp;amp; Gaughan, M. (2011). Job Satisfaction among University Faculty: Individual, Work, and Institutional Determinants. ''The Journal of Higher Education 82(2)'', 154–186. Retrieved from http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_higher_education/v082/82.2.bozeman.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;) and to acquire prestige by association (Crane, 1972&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;crane_1972&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Crane, D. (1972). Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;). However, a theoretical understanding of careers and collaboration remain relatively implicit in most such studies, with notable exceptions (Merton, 1973&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;merton_1973&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Merton, R. K. (1973). The sociology of Science. Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Studies ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Studies ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collaboration is one of the topics of the GlobSci Study. &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collaboration is one of the topics of the &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[GlobSci|&lt;/ins&gt;GlobSci Study&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/ins&gt;. &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Sources ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Sources ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== Lists ==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Social and Cultural Dynamics&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Measurement Concepts]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Measurement Concepts]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Astrid</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=90&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Astrid at 16:34, 22 February 2018</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=90&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2018-02-22T16:34:03Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:34, 22 February 2018&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Main ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Main ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collaboration implies the joint work with other scientists at least on the Colleague level on the production of scientific knowledge usually in the form of co-authored publications. Collaboration networks may be expanded through [[Geographical Mobility|mobility]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collaboration implies the joint work with other scientists at least on the Colleague level on the production of scientific knowledge usually in the form of co-authored publications. Collaboration networks may be expanded through [[Geographical Mobility|mobility]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The role of collaboration in constructing research careers is described in a range of empirical literature. Collaboration has variously been shown to provide access to skills, tacit knowledge, funding or research infrastructure (Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Katz, J. S. &amp;amp; Martin, B. R. (1997). What is research collaboration? ''Research Policy 26(1)'', 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(96)00917-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Melin, G. (2000). Pragmatism and self-organization: Research collaboration on the individual level. ''Research Policy 29(1)'', 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00031-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Beaver, D. D. (2001). Reflections on Scientific Collaboration (and its study): Past, Present, and future. ''Scientometrics 52(3)'', 365-377. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014254214337&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;) and to be motivated by the desire to mentor junior researchers (Bozeman &amp;amp; Gaughan, 2011&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bozeman_gaughan_2011&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Bozeman, B. &amp;amp; Gaughan, M. (2011). Job Satisfaction among University Faculty: Individual, Work, and Institutional Determinants. ''The Journal of Higher Education 82(2)'', 154–186. Retrieved from http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_higher_education/v082/82.2.bozeman.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;) and to acquire prestige by association (Crane, 1972&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;crane_1972&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Crane, D. (1972). Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;). However, a theoretical understanding of careers and collaboration remain relatively implicit in most such studies, with notable exceptions (Merton, 1973&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;merton_1973&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Merton, R. K. (1973). The sociology of Science. Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The role of collaboration in constructing research careers is described in a range of empirical literature. Collaboration has variously been shown to provide access to skills, tacit knowledge, funding or research infrastructure (Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Katz, J. S. &amp;amp; Martin, B. R. (1997). What is research collaboration? ''Research Policy 26(1)'', 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(96)00917-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Melin, G. (2000). Pragmatism and self-organization: Research collaboration on the individual level. ''Research Policy 29(1)'', 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00031-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Beaver, D. D. (2001). Reflections on Scientific Collaboration (and its study): Past, Present, and future. ''Scientometrics 52(3)'', 365-377. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014254214337&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;) and to be motivated by the desire to mentor junior researchers (Bozeman &amp;amp; Gaughan, 2011&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bozeman_gaughan_2011&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Bozeman, B. &amp;amp; Gaughan, M. (2011). Job Satisfaction among University Faculty: Individual, Work, and Institutional Determinants. ''The Journal of Higher Education 82(2)'', 154–186. Retrieved from http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_higher_education/v082/82.2.bozeman.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;) and to acquire prestige by association (Crane, 1972&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;crane_1972&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Crane, D. (1972). Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;). However, a theoretical understanding of careers and collaboration remain relatively implicit in most such studies, with notable exceptions (Merton, 1973&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;merton_1973&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Merton, R. K. (1973). The sociology of Science. Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Astrid</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=89&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Astrid at 16:32, 22 February 2018</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=89&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2018-02-22T16:32:37Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:32, 22 February 2018&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l4&quot; &gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The role of collaboration in constructing research careers is described in a range of empirical literature. Collaboration has variously been shown to provide access to skills, tacit knowledge, funding or research infrastructure (Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Katz, J. S. &amp;amp; Martin, B. R. (1997). What is research collaboration? ''Research Policy 26(1)'', 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(96)00917-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Melin, G. (2000). Pragmatism and self-organization: Research collaboration on the individual level. ''Research Policy 29(1)'', 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00031-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Beaver, D. D. (2001). Reflections on Scientific Collaboration (and its study): Past, Present, and future. ''Scientometrics 52(3)'', 365-377. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014254214337&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;) and to be motivated by the desire to mentor junior researchers (Bozeman &amp;amp; Gaughan, 2011&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bozeman_gaughan_2011&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Bozeman, B. &amp;amp; Gaughan, M. (2011). Job Satisfaction among University Faculty: Individual, Work, and Institutional Determinants. ''The Journal of Higher Education 82(2)'', 154–186. Retrieved from http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_higher_education/v082/82.2.bozeman.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;) and to acquire prestige by association (Crane, 1972&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;crane_1972&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Crane, D. (1972). Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;). However, a theoretical understanding of careers and collaboration remain relatively implicit in most such studies, with notable exceptions (Merton, 1973&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;merton_1973&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Merton, R. K. (1973). The sociology of Science. Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The role of collaboration in constructing research careers is described in a range of empirical literature. Collaboration has variously been shown to provide access to skills, tacit knowledge, funding or research infrastructure (Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Katz, J. S. &amp;amp; Martin, B. R. (1997). What is research collaboration? ''Research Policy 26(1)'', 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(96)00917-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Melin, G. (2000). Pragmatism and self-organization: Research collaboration on the individual level. ''Research Policy 29(1)'', 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00031-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Beaver, D. D. (2001). Reflections on Scientific Collaboration (and its study): Past, Present, and future. ''Scientometrics 52(3)'', 365-377. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014254214337&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;) and to be motivated by the desire to mentor junior researchers (Bozeman &amp;amp; Gaughan, 2011&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bozeman_gaughan_2011&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Bozeman, B. &amp;amp; Gaughan, M. (2011). Job Satisfaction among University Faculty: Individual, Work, and Institutional Determinants. ''The Journal of Higher Education 82(2)'', 154–186. Retrieved from http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_higher_education/v082/82.2.bozeman.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;) and to acquire prestige by association (Crane, 1972&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;crane_1972&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Crane, D. (1972). Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;). However, a theoretical understanding of careers and collaboration remain relatively implicit in most such studies, with notable exceptions (Merton, 1973&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;merton_1973&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Merton, R. K. (1973). The sociology of Science. Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Studies ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Studies ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Astrid</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=88&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Astrid at 16:32, 22 February 2018</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=88&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2018-02-22T16:32:14Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:32, 22 February 2018&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Main ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Main ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collaboration implies the joint work with other scientists at least on the Colleague level on the production of scientific knowledge usually in the form of co-authored publications. Collaboration networks may be expanded through [[Geographical Mobility|mobility]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collaboration implies the joint work with other scientists at least on the Colleague level on the production of scientific knowledge usually in the form of co-authored publications. Collaboration networks may be expanded through [[Geographical Mobility|mobility]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The role of collaboration in constructing research careers is described in a range of empirical literature. Collaboration has variously been shown to provide access to skills, tacit knowledge, funding or research infrastructure (Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Katz, J. S. &amp;amp; Martin, B. R. (1997). What is research collaboration? ''Research Policy 26(1)'', 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(96)00917-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Melin, G. (2000). Pragmatism and self-organization: Research collaboration on the individual level. ''Research Policy 29(1)'', 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00031-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Beaver, D. D. (2001). Reflections on Scientific Collaboration (and its study): Past, Present, and future. ''Scientometrics 52(3)'', 365-377. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014254214337&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;) and to be motivated by the desire to mentor junior researchers (Bozeman &amp;amp; Gaughan, 2011&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bozeman_gaughan_2011&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Bozeman, B. &amp;amp; Gaughan, M. (2011). Job Satisfaction among University Faculty: Individual, Work, and Institutional Determinants. ''The Journal of Higher Education 82(2)'', 154–186. Retrieved from http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_higher_education/v082/82.2.bozeman.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;) and to acquire prestige by association (Crane, 1972&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;crane_1972&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Crane, D. (1972). Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;). However, a theoretical understanding of careers and collaboration remain relatively implicit in most such studies, with notable exceptions (Merton, 1973&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;merton_1973&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Merton, R. K. (1973). The sociology of Science. Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The role of collaboration in constructing research careers is described in a range of empirical literature. Collaboration has variously been shown to provide access to skills, tacit knowledge, funding or research infrastructure (Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Katz, J. S. &amp;amp; Martin, B. R. (1997). What is research collaboration? ''Research Policy 26(1)'', 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(96)00917-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Melin, G. (2000). Pragmatism and self-organization: Research collaboration on the individual level. ''Research Policy 29(1)'', 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00031-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Beaver, D. D. (2001). Reflections on Scientific Collaboration (and its study): Past, Present, and future. ''Scientometrics 52(3)'', 365-377. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014254214337&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;) and to be motivated by the desire to mentor junior researchers (Bozeman &amp;amp; Gaughan, 2011&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bozeman_gaughan_2011&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Bozeman, B. &amp;amp; Gaughan, M. (2011). Job Satisfaction among University Faculty: Individual, Work, and Institutional Determinants. ''The Journal of Higher Education 82(2)'', 154–186. Retrieved from http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_higher_education/v082/82.2.bozeman.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;) and to acquire prestige by association (Crane, 1972&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;crane_1972&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Crane, D. (1972). Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;). However, a theoretical understanding of careers and collaboration remain relatively implicit in most such studies, with notable exceptions (Merton, 1973&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;merton_1973&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Merton, R. K. (1973). The sociology of Science. Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Astrid</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=87&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Astrid at 16:31, 22 February 2018</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://researchcareers.info/index.php?title=Collaboration&amp;diff=87&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2018-02-22T16:31:51Z</updated>
		
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&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:31, 22 February 2018&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Main ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Main ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collaboration implies the joint work with other scientists at least on the Colleague level on the production of scientific knowledge usually in the form of co-authored publications. Collaboration networks may be expanded through mobility.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collaboration implies the joint work with other scientists at least on the Colleague level on the production of scientific knowledge usually in the form of co-authored publications. Collaboration networks may be expanded through &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[Geographical Mobility|&lt;/ins&gt;mobility&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The role of collaboration in constructing research careers is described in a range of empirical literature. Collaboration has variously been shown to provide access to skills, tacit knowledge, funding or research infrastructure (Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Katz, J. S. &amp;amp; Martin, B. R. (1997). What is research collaboration? ''Research Policy 26(1)'', 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(96)00917-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Melin, G. (2000). Pragmatism and self-organization: Research collaboration on the individual level. ''Research Policy 29(1)'', 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00031-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Beaver, D. D. (2001). Reflections on Scientific Collaboration (and its study): Past, Present, and future. ''Scientometrics 52(3)'', 365-377. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014254214337&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;) and to be motivated by the desire to mentor junior researchers (Bozeman &amp;amp; Gaughan, 2011&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bozeman_gaughan_2011&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Bozeman, B. &amp;amp; Gaughan, M. (2011). Job Satisfaction among University Faculty: Individual, Work, and Institutional Determinants. ''The Journal of Higher Education 82(2)'', 154–186. Retrieved from http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_higher_education/v082/82.2.bozeman.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;) and to acquire prestige by association (Crane, 1972&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;crane_1972&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Crane, D. (1972). Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;). However, a theoretical understanding of careers and collaboration remain relatively implicit in most such studies, with notable exceptions (Merton, 1973&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;merton_1973&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Merton, R. K. (1973). The sociology of Science. Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The role of collaboration in constructing research careers is described in a range of empirical literature. Collaboration has variously been shown to provide access to skills, tacit knowledge, funding or research infrastructure (Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Katz, J. S. &amp;amp; Martin, B. R. (1997). What is research collaboration? ''Research Policy 26(1)'', 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(96)00917-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Melin, G. (2000). Pragmatism and self-organization: Research collaboration on the individual level. ''Research Policy 29(1)'', 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00031-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Beaver, D. D. (2001). Reflections on Scientific Collaboration (and its study): Past, Present, and future. ''Scientometrics 52(3)'', 365-377. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014254214337&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;) and to be motivated by the desire to mentor junior researchers (Bozeman &amp;amp; Gaughan, 2011&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bozeman_gaughan_2011&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Bozeman, B. &amp;amp; Gaughan, M. (2011). Job Satisfaction among University Faculty: Individual, Work, and Institutional Determinants. ''The Journal of Higher Education 82(2)'', 154–186. Retrieved from http://muse.jhu.edu/content/crossref/journals/journal_of_higher_education/v082/82.2.bozeman.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Melin, 2000&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;melin_2000&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;; Beaver, 2001&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;beaver_2001&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;) and to acquire prestige by association (Crane, 1972&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;crane_1972&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Crane, D. (1972). Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;; Katz &amp;amp; Martin, 1997&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;katz_martin_1997&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;). However, a theoretical understanding of careers and collaboration remain relatively implicit in most such studies, with notable exceptions (Merton, 1973&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;merton_1973&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Merton, R. K. (1973). The sociology of Science. Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Astrid</name></author>	</entry>

	</feed>